Standards Compliance: ASTM E4, ASTM E8, ASTM F606, ASTM E92, ASTM A370, ASTM E21, ASTM D3039, ISO 6892-1, ISO 6892-2, ISO 7500-1, ISO 527, ISO 9513, EN ISO 15630-1, EN 10002-1
Description
The TM-SHM Series A Servo-Hydraulic Universal Testing Machine (300 kN - 3000 kN) is a high-force static tensile and compression testing system for metallic specimens used in material testing, quality control, production monitoring and certification workflows. The servo-hydraulic actuator delivers controlled loading for large cross-section samples, while the multi-column load frame maintains alignment during high-force tensile, proof and compression testing. This UTM follows the requirements of ASTM E8, ASTM A370, ISO 6892-1, ISO 7500-1 and related standards used in industrial metal evaluation.
A dual-zone test arrangement supports tension testing on the upper crosshead and compression testing on the lower platen with a fixed upper tension and lower compression station. This layout reduces handling time in repetitive workflows and supports common procedures used in rebar testing, fastener evaluation, bar and wire inspection and welded joint qualification. Load measurement is performed through a high-resolution strain-gauge system located in the lower fixture area, with calibration practices consistent with ASTM E4. The hydraulic unit uses pressure-following regulation with screw-pump flow, providing smooth and pulse-free operation under varying load conditions.
Force Capacity: 300 kN, 600 kN, 1000 kN, 2000 kN, 3000 kN (67,400 - 674,400 lbf)
Frame Configuration: Multi-column servo-hydraulic load frame with crosshead positioning
Test Space: Dual-zone (upper tension / lower compression) layout with reduced fixture handling
Typical Applications: Rebar, fasteners, bar and wire, welded joints, cast components
Universal Testing Machine - Bending Test
Applications & Typical Specimens
The TM-SHM Series A is used for static tensile and compression testing of metallic materials in material testing laboratories, QA departments and industrial production facilities. Typical applications include tensile qualification per ASTM E8, mechanical property evaluation per ASTM A370, static loading procedures under ISO 6892-1, and rebar inspection following EN ISO 15630-1. The system supports routine batch verification, mill testing, welded joint assessment and component-level evaluation for industrial metal products.
The machine accommodates medium- to large-scale metallic specimens and structural elements requiring high-force loading. Compatible specimens include:
- Rebar, threaded bar, smooth bar and structural rod
- Plates, billets, thick sheet material and machined test coupons
- Steel wires, cables, chains, anchoring hardware and lifting components
- Welded joints, welded plate sections and heat-affected zones
- Cast and forged components, brackets and industrial metal housings
- Bolts, nuts, studs, fasteners and mechanical couplings
- Pipe segments, round bar, tubes, hollow cylinders and various cross-section profiles
- Compression blocks, load-bearing plates and die-forged elements
- High-strength alloys, carbon steels, stainless steels, tool steels and iron-base materials
- Tensile and compression samples prepared according to ISO 6892-1, ASTM E8 and ASTM E9 requirements
Key Features
Below is a consolidated set of key functional characteristics of the TM-SHM Series A:
- Multi-Column Servo-Hydraulic Load Frame: Rigid 4- or 6-column construction with reinforced structural members for reduced deflection during high-force tensile and compression testing.
- Dual-Zone Test Configuration: Separate upper tension and lower compression stations available simultaneously, reducing handling time for repeated tensile-compression workflows.
- Lead-Screw Crosshead Positioning: Controlled vertical adjustment of the test space with precision guides for stable crosshead alignment under load.
- High-Resolution Force Measurement: Strain-gauge load cell installed in the lower fixture area, capturing tension and compression forces with a resolution of 1/500,000 FS; calibration consistent with ASTM E4.
- Pressure-Following Hydraulic Regulation: Hydraulic system with cartridge logic valves and screw-pump flow delivering smooth, pulse-free pressure response under varying load conditions.
- Low-Noise Hydraulic Pumping System: Screw-pump design minimizing hydraulic pulsation and reducing operating noise in continuous test environments.
- High-Efficiency Filtration and Cooling: Multi-stage 5 μm filtration protecting servo components, combined with an automatic air-cooling system for thermal stability during extended operation.
- Servo Valve Control Architecture: High-performance servo valve enabling accurate force and displacement control with low hysteresis and fast pressure response.
- Digital Controller: 6-channel 24-bit data acquisition, up to 1200 Hz control frequency, support for encoder feedback, closed-loop control modes and built-in safety protections.
- GenTest Software Integration: Execution of ASTM and ISO tensile and compression methods with real-time data display, result calculation and report generation.
System Architecture & Load Frame
The TM-SHM Series A combines a reinforced servo-hydraulic load frame, an integrated hydraulic power unit and a digital control platform designed for high-force static tensile and compression testing. The structural and hydraulic elements are configured to maintain alignment under load, deliver stable pressure and support the control precision required for ASTM and ISO metal testing procedures.
Load Frame & Mechanical Structure
The load frame is built around a 4- or 6-column structure designed to maintain stiffness under high-force loading. Reinforced members limit deflection during tensile and compression testing and provide a stable foundation for measurement accuracy.
Crosshead movement is controlled by a lead-screw adjustment system, allowing consistent vertical positioning of the tensile and compression spaces. The fixed dual-zone layout uses the upper crosshead for tension and the lower platen for compression, supporting standard metal testing workflows.
Key Characteristics
- Reinforced multi-column structure for high-load stability
- Fixed upper tension and lower compression stations
- Lead-screw crosshead adjustment with guided vertical travel
- Alignment maintained throughout the loading cycle
Load Cell Assembly
The system uses a strain-gauge load cell positioned in the lower fixture area to capture both tensile and compression forces directly through the specimen. It operates across the full force range without switching steps and provides a 1/500,000 FS measurement resolution. The design supports repeatable, stable readings required for certification testing.
Key Characteristics
- Direct tensile and compression force measurement
- High-resolution strain-gauge load cell (1/500,000 FS)
- Stable readings without range switching
- Consistent performance for routine and certification workflows
Hydraulic Power Unit (HPU)
The hydraulic power unit supplies the main cylinder and fixture hydraulics through an integrated system designed for stable pressure delivery. It uses cartridge logic valves to regulate working pressure according to real-time cylinder demand. A preset differential (e.g., 2 MPa) is maintained to stabilize transitions during loading.
Pressure Regulation
- Cartridge logic valves for real-time pressure adjustment
- Pressure-following control maintains a preset differential
- Lower output pressure at low load; higher output at increased demand
Screw Pump System
The HPU incorporates screw pumps designed for steady hydraulic output up to 27.5 MPa. The pump provides consistent volumetric delivery and maintains predictable flow characteristics over extended operation.
Key Points:
- Controlled hydraulic output up to 27.5 MPa
- Stable flow with minimal pulsation
- Long service life and low maintenance requirements
Cooling & Filtration
- Automatic air-cooling activation at defined oil-temperature thresholds
- Multi-stage filtration with 5 μm absolute rating
- Protection for servo valves, pump internals and high-pressure components
Maintenance & Safety
- Semi-open enclosure with removable panels for component access
- Relief-valve protection for overpressure events
- High-pressure hoses and cone-seal fittings for reliable sealing
Control System
The DTC-500 control platform manages force, displacement and extension through digital closed-loop control. It uses 6-channel, 24-bit A/D acquisition with sampling and control frequencies up to 1200 Hz. Three digital high-speed inputs accommodate encoder or grating-ruler feedback up to 4 MHz, with 20-bit resolution for digital inputs.
Control Architecture
The controller operates independent closed loops for force, extension and displacement. It supports mode switching as required by static tensile and compression test procedures.
Connectivity & Interfaces
The control unit provides USB and Ethernet ports for communication. A dedicated Ethernet processor handles TCP/IP data traffic. Optional dual analog outputs are available for external signal integration.
Safety & Configuration
TEDS support enables automated transducer identification. The controller includes limit protection, overload protection and emergency-stop input circuitry.
Hardware Platform
A 4-layer PCB layout is used to improve noise resistance and maintain signal stability. Locking connectors are employed to secure wiring during continuous testing.
GenTest Professional Test Software
GenTest is a standards-based software platform used for managing tensile and compression tests, configuring method parameters, capturing real-time data and generating structured reports. The system supports ASTM, ISO, DIN and EN procedures commonly used in metal testing, certification workflows and routine laboratory evaluation. Test setup, execution and result calculation follow the requirements of international material-testing standards.
Key Software Features
- Library of pre-configured test methods aligned with ASTM, ISO, DIN and EN standards
- Straightforward method editing for custom test routines or production-specific parameters
- Built-in standard routines for routine tensile and compression testing
- Report templates that allow adding company details, statistics and result fields; export available to Excel or Word
- Real-time curve display, including displacement-load, stress-strain, displacement-time and load-time
- Analysis tools for calculating typical results, including Fm, ReL, ReH, Rp and other values defined by the selected standard
- Flexible unit selection: N, kN, kgf, lbf, MPa and user-defined units via formulas
GenTest: Next-Generation User-Friendly UTM Software | TensileMill CNC
Technical Specifications
The table below presents the full technical specification set for the TM-SHM Series A servo-hydraulic universal testing machines:
| Specification | SHM305 | SHM605 | SHM106 | SHM206 | SHM306 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Frame Type | Type A | ||||
| Capacity (kN) | 300 | 600 | 1000 | 2000 | 3000 |
| Calibration Accuracy | Class 0.5 | ||||
| Force Accuracy | ±0.5% | ||||
| Force Range | 1% to 100% FS | ||||
| Force Resolution | 1/500000 FS | ||||
| Extension Accuracy | ±0.5% | ||||
| Extension Resolution | 1/500000 of max extension | ||||
| Position Resolution | 0.004 mm | ||||
| Position Accuracy | ±0.5% of reading | ||||
| Actuator Stroke | 5.91 in (150 mm) | 9.84 in (250 mm) | 9.84 in (250 mm) | 9.84 in (250 mm) | 11.81 in (300 mm) |
| Actuator Speed | 0-180 mm/min | 0-140 mm/min | 0-90 mm/min | 0-70 mm/min | 0-100 mm/min |
| Crosshead Speed (adjustment) | 13.78 in/min (350 mm/min) | 10.63 in/min (270 mm/min) | 12.20 in/min (310 mm/min) | 14.17 in/min (360 mm/min) | 9.45 in/min (240 mm/min) |
| Force Loading Speed | 0.05%-2% FS/s | ||||
| Column Number | 4 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 |
| Column Spacing (test width) | 16.14 in (410 mm) | 17.13 in (435 mm) | 17.72 in (450 mm) | 28.74 in (730 mm) | 20.87 in (530 mm) |
| Max Tension Space | 20.47 in (520 mm) | 27.95 in (710 mm) | 29.53 in (750 mm) | 35.43 in (900 mm) | 47.24 in (1200 mm) |
| Max Compression Space | 20.47 in (520 mm) | 27.56 in (700 mm) | 29.53 in (750 mm) | 29.53 in (750 mm) | 39.37 in (1000 mm) |
| Round Specimen Ø Range | Ø10-Ø20 mm / Ø20-Ø32 mm | Ø10-Ø21 mm / Ø21-Ø31 mm | Ø12-Ø23 mm / Ø23-Ø35 mm | Ø15-Ø30 mm / Ø30-Ø55 mm | Ø30-Ø70 mm / Ø70-Ø110 mm |
| Flat Specimen Thickness | 2-13 mm / 13-25 mm | 2-16 mm / 16-30 mm | 2-20 mm / 20-40 mm | 10-40 mm / 40-70 mm | 10-60 mm / 60-100 mm |
| Compression Platens Ø | Ø120 mm | Ø150 mm | Ø200 mm | Ø240 mm | Ø280 mm |
| Frame Dimensions (LxWxH) | 32.28 x 22.44 x 76.97 in (820 x 570 x 1955 mm) | 37.01 x 25.59 x 94.49 in (940 x 650 x 2400 mm) | 40.16 x 26.38 x 102.36 in (1020 x 670 x 2600 mm) | 53.94 x 32.28 x 124.02 in (1370 x 820 x 3150 mm) | 52.01 x 37.40 x 155.51 in (1320 x 950 x 3958 mm) |
| HPU Dimensions (LxWxH) | 45.28 x 23.62 x 35.43 in (1150 x 600 x 900 mm) | 45.28 x 24.80 x 39.37 in (1150 x 630 x 1000 mm) | |||
| Hydraulic Power Unit Weight | 661 lb (300 kg) | 882 lb (400 kg) | |||
| HPU Flow Rate (L/min) | 5 | 5 | 5 | 7.2 | 12 |
| Power Consumption (kW) | 2.5 | 3.5 | 4 | 6 | 6 |
| Power Supply | 220 V AC, 50/60Hz | ||||
| Frame Weight | 3307 lb (1500 kg) | 5512 lb (2500 kg) | 7716 lb (3500 kg) | 14991 lb (6800 kg) | 22513 lb (10220 kg) |
Frame Dimensions
| Model | Outside Dimensions (L x W x H) | Tensile Space (D) | Compression Space (E) | Test Width (F) | Piston Travel |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SHM305 | 32.28 x 22.44 x 76.97 in (820 x 570 x 1955 mm) | 20.47 in (520 mm) | 20.47 in (520 mm) | 16.14 in (410 mm) | 5.91 in (150 mm) |
| SHM605 | 37.01 x 25.59 x 94.49 in (940 x 650 x 2400 mm) | 27.95 in (710 mm) | 27.56 in (700 mm) | 17.13 in (435 mm) | 9.84 in (250 mm) |
| SHM106 | 40.16 x 26.38 x 102.36 in (1020 x 670 x 2600 mm) | 29.53 in (750 mm) | 25.98 in (660 mm) | 17.72 in (450 mm) | 9.84 in (250 mm) |
| SHM206 | 53.94 x 32.28 x 124.02 in (1370 x 820 x 3150 mm) | 35.43 in (900 mm) | 29.53 in (750 mm) | 28.74 in (730 mm) | 9.84 in (250 mm) |
| SHM306 | 52.01 x 37.40 x 155.51 in (1320 x 950 x 3958 mm) | 47.24 in (1200 mm) | 39.37 in (1000 mm) | 20.87 in (530 mm) | 11.81 in (300 mm) |
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Video
Universal Testing Machine - Tensile Testing with Extensometer
Universal Testing Machine - Bending Test
GenTest: Next-Generation User-Friendly UTM Software
Why Should I Choose Your Servo Hydraulic Universal Testing Machine 2000 kN?
For high-force applications, this system delivers dependable capacity up to 449,600 lbf (2,000 kN) with a rigid four-column frame and servo-controlled hydraulics. It is built for demanding specimens such as structural steel, rebar, pipelines, and aerospace alloys, where stable loading and precise measurement matter.
A calibrated, high-resolution load cell and closed-loop control modes for load, displacement, and strain produce accurate stress-strain data and repeatable results. GenTest software streamlines test setup with templates for ASTM E8 and ISO 6892, real-time plots, automatic calculations, and audit-ready reporting. Hydraulic grips, custom fixturing, and safety interlocks support fast specimen changes and consistent alignment under load.
Each unit is delivered as a turnkey package that includes application-specific tooling, machine installation, and optional on-site training. Data export options help your team integrate results into existing quality workflows without extra steps.
If you would like to review capacities, grip options, and software functions in more detail, you can explore specifications on the Servo Hydraulic Universal Testing Machine 2000kN product page.
What After-Sales Support Is Available for Your Universal Testing Machine (UTM)?
Our post-sale program covers installation guidance, commissioning assistance, remote diagnostics, calibration coordination, annual preventive maintenance, software updates, and priority ticketing. You also receive direct phone and email access to our technical team for troubleshooting and application support.
For laboratories testing metals, polymers, or composites, we can coordinate verification to ASTM E4 or ISO 7500-1 as applicable, advise on load cell selection, and schedule on-site service to keep daily throughput consistent. Typical activities include crosshead alignment checks, controller and PC software updates, safety interlock tests, and new-operator training. High-capacity frames, including systems around 450,000 lbf (2,000 kN), are supported with the same resources. To reach support or open a ticket, call 877-672-2622 ext. 3, email support1@tensilemillcnc.com, or submit an online request for priority routing. Replacement grips, fixtures, and spare parts are available to reduce downtime.
If you would like to discuss service options or schedule calibration, you can connect with our team on the Contact Us page.
What Is the Lead Time for the 2000 kN Servo-Hydraulic UTM?
Typical build and delivery time for our high-capacity unit rated to 449,618 lbf (2,000 kN) is 4 to 6 weeks from order confirmation. The timeline depends on the final testing configuration, custom grips or fixtures, hydraulic and power options, software setup, and the destination region.
After configuration sign off, the project advances through production, calibration and functional testing, crating, and shipment. If on-site commissioning is included, installation dates are coordinated in parallel with transit to align with your lab schedule. Expedited production may be possible when component availability and freight windows allow.
Sharing your target standards, specimen geometries, throughput goals, and any special fixturing during quoting allows us to provide a firm milestone schedule with your formal proposal.
If you are planning a high-capacity installation, you can review specifications and build options on the Servo Hydraulic Universal Testing Machine 2000kN product page.
Does the TensileMill CNC 2000 kN Servo-Hydraulic UTM Meet International Standards?
Yes. The 450,000 lbf (2,000 kN) servo-hydraulic universal testing machine is built to run methods aligned with ASTM E4 and ISO 7500-1 for force verification, ASTM E8 and ASTM A370 for metallic tensile testing, ISO 6892 for metallic materials, and widely used EN, DIN, and JIS requirements. Calibrated Class 0.5 load measurement, closed-loop control in load, displacement, or strain, and a high-stiffness frame support the precision and repeatability required for accredited work.
In daily operation, GenTest software provides preloaded test templates with rate control and extensometer support, then produces audit-ready reports with export to CSV, Excel, or PDF. Hydraulic wedge grips and dedicated fixtures promote coaxial alignment for round, bar, and plate specimens, while automation maintains prescribed crosshead or strain rates under ASTM and ISO methods. For laboratories pursuing third-party recognition, our team can coordinate ISO/IEC 17025 calibration and documentation and support NADCAP-focused workflows used in aerospace and defense programs.
If you would like a closer look at methods coverage and specifications, you can review details on the Servo Hydraulic Universal Testing Machine 2000 kN product page.
What Are the Typical Maintenance Costs for the 2000 kN Servo-Hydraulic Universal Testing Machine?
For a high-capacity system rated to 449,618 lbf (2,000 kN), routine costs are driven by annual Preventative Maintenance, accredited calibration, and hydraulic service, rather than frequent component replacement.
A standard yearly visit typically covers inspection of hydraulic lines and fittings, checks of actuator rod condition and seals, verification of crosshead guidance, control cabinet cleaning, firmware updates, and safety interlocks testing. Calibration of the load cell and displacement is performed to ASTM E4 and ISO 7500-1, with certificates supplied for audit trails. Hydraulic oil analysis and filter changes are scheduled based on duty cycle and ambient conditions; heavy throughput, elevated temperatures, or abrasive dust may shorten service intervals. Consumables such as grip jaw inserts and wedge faces are cost variables that depend on specimen hardness, surface finish, and clamping pressure. Seal kits are planned on condition or hours, not a fixed calendar.
Budget differences usually reflect travel distance, calibration scope, and whether parts like jaw inserts or seal kits are needed during the visit. Many facilities opt for an annual PM package to stabilize costs, document compliance, and reduce unplanned downtime.
If you would like budgetary guidance or a formal PM plan, you can review specifications and request details on the Servo Hydraulic Universal Testing Machine 2000kN page.
How Do You Minimize Downtime on a Servo-Hydraulic Universal Testing Machine?
We keep high-capacity hydraulic UTMs running by combining fast remote diagnostics, priority parts logistics, and field service that matches production timelines.
When you contact support, an engineer begins remote triage, typically within 4 hours of your first message. We connect securely to review controller logs, alarms, pump status, valve commands, and sensor feedback, then provide step-by-step recovery actions. Many issues are cleared without a site visit.
If hardware is required, we coordinate next-business-day shipment of critical components from North American inventory, and we can schedule an on-site technician within 24 to 48 hours when hands-on repair is the fastest path back to testing.
To reduce unplanned stops, we recommend a preventive maintenance plan for hydraulic fluid filtration, seal and hose checks, grip jaw inspection, and accumulator precharge verification, plus routine verification and calibration aligned with ASTM E4 or ISO 7500-1 where applicable. Keeping common wear items on hand, such as grip inserts and controller cables, further shortens recovery time.
You can reach our team by phone at 877-672-2622 ext. 3, by email at support1@tensilemillcnc.com, or through the online ticket system for the quickest routing.
If you would like to explore available frames and service options, you can review details on the Tensile Testing Equipment page.
What Is the Lead Time for the 600 kN and 1,000 kN Servo-Hydraulic Universal Testing System?
Typical lead time is 4 to 6 weeks from purchase order to shipment for servo-hydraulic UTMs rated 135,000 lbf (600 kN) and 225,000 lbf (1,000 kN). The window depends on frame configuration, actuator stroke, hydraulic power unit sizing, controller and software package, grip and fixture selection, and shipping destination.
After your configuration is confirmed, our team finalizes specifications, issues approval drawings, and schedules production. System assembly, integration, and calibration are completed prior to crating, including load verification and functional testing. Domestic freight usually adds 3 to 7 business days, while international transit varies by carrier and customs processing. Installation and operator training are coordinated with your lab’s availability. If you are working toward a tight deadline or require custom fixturing, we can outline expedited options and provide an updated target ship date during the quotation stage.
If you would like current build and installation timing for your configuration, you can review available options on the Tensile Testing Equipment page.
What Are the Maintenance Costs for a Universal Testing Machine?
Routine upkeep for a Universal Testing Machine is modest compared to the life of the load frame, particularly on hydraulic systems built for heavy capacities.
Typical preventive maintenance includes an annual inspection, safety checks, control diagnostics, and force-channel calibration, with hydraulic fluid sampling and filter changes scheduled by hours of use. In high-throughput labs, semiannual visits help reduce unplanned downtime and extend seal life. Cost drivers include test volume, capacity, and whether the unit is hydraulic or electromechanical. Hydraulic machines in the 134,000 lbf to 225,000 lbf range (600 kN to 1000 kN) primarily consume fluid, filters, and occasional seal kits, while the rugged frame and modular hydraulics are designed to minimize wear and keep service tasks straightforward.
Most routine work is completed quickly through our PM Service Packages, which bundle labor, travel, and common consumables for predictable budgeting. A tailored service contract can spread costs across the year, support audit readiness, and shorten response times. For an itemized quote, our team can scope the plan to your model, usage pattern, and accessories such as grips or extensometry.
If you would like to discuss your maintenance schedule or request a tailored service quote, you can connect with our team on the Contact Us page.
How Do I Size a Hydraulic Universal Testing Machine for Metals?
Start with the highest load you expect, then add a safety margin. Estimate peak load by multiplying ultimate tensile strength by the smallest cross-sectional area, then add 30 to 50 percent to cover variability, gripping losses, and bend or compression setups. Example, #8 rebar with 0.79 in² (510 mm²) area at 90 ksi (620 MPa) reaches about 71 kip (316 kN). With a 40 percent margin, target at least 100 kip (445 kN). A 135 kip (600 kN) class frame comfortably supports tension plus bend and compression in line with ASTM A370 and metals methods in ASTM E8 or ISO 6892.
For fasteners or large coupons, a 1.00 in (25.4 mm) bolt at 120 ksi (827 MPa) has a tensile load near 94 kip (419 kN). Adding 30 percent suggests about 122 kip (542 kN), which aligns with a 600 kN system. If calculated loads approach 200 kip (890 kN), consider a 225 kip (1000 kN) machine, and for very thick plate or bar, a 450 kip (2000 kN) frame may be appropriate.
Check more than force. Confirm vertical test space and stroke, often 24 to 40 in (610 to 1016 mm), to fit grips, extensometers, and fixtures. Dual test spaces speed changeovers between tension and compression. Verify facility utilities, such as 480 V or 220 V three-phase power, and cooling for the hydraulic power unit. Maintain accuracy through annual verification to ASTM E4 or ISO 7500-1, and match extensometry and grips to the selected standard.
If you would like capacity options and dimensions, you can review technical information on the Servo Hydraulic Universal Testing System 600kN / 1000kN product page.
What Capacity Hydraulic UTM Do I Need for Steel, Fasteners, and Rebar?
Start by estimating peak force from your highest-strength specimen, then add a safety margin. Multiply ultimate tensile strength by the smallest net area you will test, and select a frame with at least 20 to 30 percent headroom so routine tests run at 70 to 80 percent of capacity. Typical selections for heavy metals include 134,900 lbf (600 kN), 224,800 lbf (1,000 kN), and 449,600 lbf (2,000 kN). For high-grade bolts or large rebar lots, laboratories often size up to avoid frequent regripping and to support bend and compression work on the same unit.
Grip and extensometer choices should match the application. Use hydraulic wedge grips rated to full frame capacity with appropriate jaw faces for smooth, knurled, or rebar-deformed surfaces. For threaded fasteners, employ tensile fixtures in line with ASTM F606, and for metallic specimens reference ASTM E8 or ISO 6892 for gauge length, speed, and strain control. Clip-on extensometers with 1.0 in (25 mm) or 2.0 in (50 mm) gauge lengths work well for yield and modulus, while non-contact systems help with high elongation materials.
Confirm compliance and infrastructure. Calibration to ASTM E4 or ISO 7500-1 maintains traceability. Verify available power, oil-cooling needs, and floor loading, since high-capacity frames can approach 20,000 lb (9,070 kg) and stand over 120 in (3,050 mm). Dual test spaces simplify changeover between tensile and compression, and closed-loop servo hydraulic control provides stable low-speed runs for yield determination and creep-like hold segments.
If you are comparing high-force systems, you can review technical details on the Servo Hydraulic Universal Testing System 600kN / 1000kN product page for representative specifications and options.
How Do I Size a Hydraulic UTM for ASTM E8 Metals Testing?
Start with maximum force. Multiply the smallest tensile cross-section by the expected ultimate tensile strength, then add a safety margin. For example, 0.50 in² × 120 ksi gives about 60,000 lbf (267 kN). A 30 to 50 percent reserve usually points to standard frames such as 60 kip (267 kN), 120 kip (534 kN), or 200 kip (889 kN), which helps when specimens vary or when testing at reduced temperatures or with threaded ends per ASTM E8 and ISO 6892-1.
Match the test space and grips to your geometry. Confirm daylight of 24 to 48 in (610 to 1,220 mm) to accommodate long extensometers and fixtures. Choose wedge or hydraulic grips that are rated to full frame capacity, with jaw faces sized about 1 to 2 in (25 to 50 mm) wide for typical flat coupons. Plan for actuator stroke of at least 6 in (150 mm) so specimens can fail outside the grip faces and so accessories like furnaces or chambers fit without reconfiguring the setup.
Verify control and alignment. A closed-loop servo-hydraulic controller should hold constant extension or strain-rate modes specified in ASTM E8 and ISO 6892-1, with test speeds available in the quasi-static range such as 0.002 to 0.20 in/min (0.05 to 5 mm/min). Use an alignment fixture and verify per best practices so the load train stays concentric, then select a clip-on or non-contact extensometer with the correct gauge length, for example 2.0 in (50 mm) or as required by your method.
If you would like to discuss configuration options for the Hydraulic UTM, you can connect with our team on the contact page.
How Do I Select The Right Capacity And Configuration For A Hydraulic Universal Testing Machine?
Start by calculating the highest force your specimens will generate, then add a safety margin. Multiply ultimate tensile strength by cross-sectional area. For example, a 1.00 in diameter steel bar at 100 ksi produces about 78.5 kip, so a 110 kip (489 kN) frame is appropriate. A 1.25 in bar at 120 ksi reaches roughly 147 kip, so step up to a 220 kip (979 kN) unit. When testing large sections or high-strength alloys, many labs standardize on 450 kip (2,000 kN) for headroom.
Match the load frame and grips to your specimen geometry and methods. Two-space hydraulic frames let you run tension in the upper space and compression or bend in the lower space without reconfiguring. Verify daylight and stroke meet your longest gauge lengths, for example 24 to 40 in (610 to 1,016 mm) daylight with 12 to 20 in (305 to 508 mm) stroke. Select hydraulic wedge grips sized for your range, such as 2 to 4 in (50 to 100 mm) jaw faces and round capacity from 0.125 to 2.0 in (3 to 50 mm).
Confirm control accuracy and verification. Closed-loop servo control with Class 0.5 accuracy per ISO 7500-1 and force verification per ASTM E4 supports compliant metals testing to ASTM E8 or ISO 6892. Plan for strain measurement with clip-on or non-contact extensometers sized for 1 to 2 in (25 to 50 mm) gauge lengths. For reliability, align hydraulic power, cooling, and maintenance intervals with your test volume, and schedule annual calibration.
If you would like to review detailed specifications and options, you can explore the Servo Hydraulic Universal Testing System 600kN / 1000kN product page.
What Specifications Matter When Choosing A Hydraulic UTM For Metals Testing?
Start with peak force. Estimate the required load by multiplying specimen cross-sectional area by ultimate tensile strength, then add a safety margin. For a 0.5 in (12.7 mm) round steel sample, area is about 0.196 in² (126.7 mm²). At 200 ksi (1,380 MPa), expected peak load is about 39.2 kip (174 kN), so a 50 kip (222 kN) frame is a practical minimum. Larger sections or higher strengths often justify 100 kip (445 kN) or more.
Specify measurement class and control next. For reliable results, select force verification to Class 1 or Class 0.5 per ASTM E4 or ISO 7500-1, and ensure the machine supports strain- or stress-rate control for ASTM E8 or ISO 6892-1. Useful actuator travel is typically 6 to 20 in (152 to 508 mm). A broad speed range, for example 0.002 to 20 in/min (0.051 to 508 mm/min), helps cover yield determination, uniform elongation, and break without reconfiguring.
Match grips and fixtures to geometry and load. Hydraulic wedge grips are common for smooth or serrated faces and are offered in ratings such as 60 kip (267 kN) and 120 kip (534 kN). Threaded holders support specimens with shoulder threads. Plan infrastructure for the hydraulic power unit, including electrical service, heat rejection, and oil containment, and consider anchoring and alignment tools to reduce bending for high-strength alloys.
If you would like to discuss sizing and configuration, you can connect with our team on the Contact Us page.
How Do I Choose Between Electromechanical and Hydraulic UTMs for Tensile Testing?
Start with the highest load you actually run. If routine work stays below about 50,000 lbf (220 kN), an electromechanical frame gives precise rate control and stable low-speed testing, down to roughly 0.002 in/min (0.05 mm/min). That behavior helps meet method-defined strain rates for plastics and elastomers under ASTM D638 or ISO 527, and for thin metals that need tight crosshead control.
Heavy sections of steel, rebar, or high-strength alloys often push past 110,000 lbf (500 kN). A hydraulic frame handles these forces with margin and can reach 2,000,000 lbf (9 MN) when required for ASTM E8/E8M or ISO 6892 work. Expect more maintenance and power demand, but the load headroom prevents mid-test pressure spikes from topping out the system.
Check the rest of the setup before deciding. If clamping forces exceed about 10,000 lbf (45 kN), plan on wedge or hydraulic grips and a frame stiff enough to limit bending. Keep alignment tight, below roughly 0.1 degree, to avoid off-axis loading. Confirm travel and accessory needs, such as chambers from -112 °F to 4000 °F (-80 °C to 2200 °C) and contact or optical extensometers. Many labs pair a 22,000 lbf (100 kN) electromechanical unit with a 110,000 lbf (500 kN) hydraulic unit to cover mixed programs.
You can review electromechanical and hydraulic frames, along with grips and accessories, on the All Tensile Testing Equipment equipment page.
How Do I Decide Between Electromechanical And Hydraulic UTMs For My Lab?
Start with peak force and strain-rate control. If most work stays below about 22,000 lbf (100 kN), an electromechanical frame gives very stable low-speed control for methods like ASTM D638 or ISO 527. Operators can hold crosshead rates such as 0.02 to 20 in/min (0.5 to 500 mm/min) without hunting, which helps repeat modulus and yield points on plastics, films, and thin metals.
For heavy sections or high-strength alloys per ASTM E8 or ISO 6892, hydraulic machines handle sustained loads above 110,000 lbf (500 kN) and up to 2,000,000 lbf (9 MN). Wedge or hydraulic grips stop slippage on smooth specimens; serrated jaws bite, but switch to smooth or coated faces for soft metals. Align the specimen carefully with centering fixtures so the frame is not fighting bending.
Match accessories to the material. Clip-on extensometers work well for small strains on metals, while optical systems suit large elongations on elastomers. If testing outside ambient conditions, plan for chambers from −112 °F to 4,000 °F (−80 °C to 2,200 °C). Size the load cell so routine tests land near 60 to 80 percent of capacity, and confirm software supports your method library and report format requirements.
If you would like help matching force range, grips, and extensometers, you can review options on the Tensile Testing Equipment equipment page.
How Do I Choose UTM Type And Capacity For Tensile Testing Of Forged Parts?
Select the frame by matching load range and control needs. Electro-mechanical machines excel at precise crosshead and strain-rate control for low to mid loads, ideal for sub-size coupons and routine alloy checks. Servo-hydraulic machines handle high-capacity work and thick sections, with comfortable headroom near 135 kip (600 kN) or 225 kip (1000 kN). If the expected peak load often exceeds about 60 kip (270 kN), hydraulic usually offers better durability and grip force for large forgings.
Size capacity from a quick calculation: capacity ≥ UTS × area, then add margin for off-axis effects and grip friction. Example: a 0.50 in (12.7 mm) round at 120 ksi (830 MPa) has 0.196 in² (126.5 mm²) area, predicted peak about 23.6 kip (105 kN). With a 30% margin, select at least 31 kip (138 kN). For shafts with localized hardening or variable section, consider a 50% margin.
Match accessories to the standard and geometry. For ASTM E8/E8M, use the specified gauge length, commonly 2.0 in (50 mm), and verify axial alignment per ASTM E1012. Choose wedge or hydraulic grips rated above machine capacity and sized to the grip section. If machining marks remain, apply longitudinal polishing to the gauge to reduce stress raisers before testing.
If you would like to compare frame types, capacities, and accessories, you can review details on the Tensile Testing Equipment equipment page.
How Should Forging Labs Size a UTM and Specimen Preparation Setup for Tensile QA?
Start with load. Multiply the highest expected ultimate tensile strength by the largest test cross-section you plan to machine, then add a safety margin for strain hardening and grip friction. Example: a 0.505 in (12.83 mm) round per ASTM E8 has about 0.200 in² (129 mm²) area. At 150 ksi (1,034 MPa), peak load is roughly 30,000 lbf (133 kN). A 50 kip (222 kN) frame handles most steels. For oversized coupons or subcomponent pulls, plan for 135 kip (600 kN) to 225 kip (1,000 kN) hydraulic frames.
Specimen preparation drives repeatability. A CNC system that holds dimensional tolerance to ±0.0003 in (±0.008 mm) and machines up to 60 HRC cuts down rework and out-of-spec blanks. For surface integrity, a longitudinal polisher set for length, speed, and pressure removes circumferential tool marks and helps maintain finishes near 32 µin Ra (0.8 µm) before testing.
During testing, follow ASTM E8 or ISO 6892-1 for gauge length, speed or strain-rate control, and extensometer use, commonly 2 in (50 mm). Record heat number, orientation, and heat-treat batch with every pull so outliers can be traced to forging or thermal variables, not preparation artifacts.
You can review frame capacities and control options on the Tensile Testing Equipment equipment page.
How Do I Plan an In-House Tensile Testing Setup to Reduce Lab Fees?
Start by scoping loads, throughput, and specimen types. Pair a flat-specimen CNC, such as the TensileMill CNC MINI, with a UTM sized to your peak force. Many metals labs work well at 50 kip (222 kN), while lighter programs run at 10 to 30 kip (44 to 133 kN). Above 100 kip (445 kN), a hydraulic frame is practical. Reserve about 48 in × 36 in (1219 mm × 914 mm) for the UTM, 30 in × 35 in (762 mm × 889 mm) for the CNC, plus 24 in (610 mm) of operator clearance.
Batch work drives savings. Rough cut blanks in lots, then machine in stacks when geometry allows. Typical aluminum feeds are 60 to 120 ipm (1.5 to 3.0 m/min); for steels, 20 to 60 ipm (0.5 to 1.5 m/min). Verify gage length and width to ASTM E8 or ISO 6892 before the UTM queue. Where finish affects strain uniformity, polish to Ra ≤ 32 µin (0.8 µm) and break edges to below 0.005 in (0.13 mm).
Retests drain budgets. Keep the load train calibrated per ASTM E4 and check alignment per ASTM E1012. Log grip face condition and clamp settings by material, then batch UTM runs by alloy and thickness to reduce jaw changes and heat build-up. This reduces stoppages and lowers per-specimen cost.
If you would like to size a frame and plan accessories, you can explore details on the Tensile Testing Equipment equipment page.
How Does Heat Treatment Affect Tensile Testing Setup And Data Quality?
Heat treatment changes microstructure, which shifts yield, ultimate strength, and elongation. During tensile testing, use strain rate control per ASTM E8 or ISO 6892-1. For a 2 in (50 mm) gauge length, a typical rate of 0.005 in/in/min (0.005 mm/mm/min) gives a crosshead speed near 0.01 in/min (0.25 mm/min) until yield. Quenched and tempered steels often benefit from a lower pre-yield rate to capture modulus cleanly, then a higher rate to fracture as allowed by the standard.
Hardened samples need grip faces that match geometry, such as fine-serrated flats for plate, or V-jaws or collets for rounds. Set wedge pressure only high enough to prevent slip. Verify axial alignment before testing, since small bending elevates local stress. A clip-on or non-contact extensometer with knife edges rated for high hardness protects the gauge section and maintains strain accuracy.
Select frame capacity from expected peak load. Heat-treated bolts and bars can exceed 220 kip (1000 kN), which favors servo-hydraulic machines. Keep the load train calibrated to ASTM E4 and ISO 7500-1, and check extensometer class per ASTM E83 or ISO 9513. Correct setup and verified equipment help avoid overestimating strength on high-hardness materials.
If you would like to review frame options and capacities, you can explore details on the All Tensile Testing Equipment equipment page.
Electromechanical vs Servo-Hydraulic UTMs: How To Choose For Tensile Testing?
Electromechanical frames drive the crosshead with a motor and preloaded ball screws. They deliver stable low-speed control for coupons that require defined rates, with typical motion capability around 0.00004 to 19.7 in/min (0.001 to 500 mm/min). Servo-hydraulic frames use a hydraulic actuator for very high forces and fast response, which suits thick metallic sections and large fasteners.
Match the platform to the expected loads and control mode. Electromechanical systems commonly cover about 11,200 to 135,000 lbf (50 to 600 kN) and are well suited to speed or strain control on metals and polymers. Hydraulic machines cover 225,000 lbf (1000 kN) and up to 450,000 lbf (2000 kN) for heavy sections. Size the load cell so typical failures occur between 10 and 90 percent of capacity. For metals testing under ASTM E8 or ISO 6892, precise speed or strain-rate control is critical.
Consider day-to-day behavior in the lab. Operators running low-force work benefit from quieter operation and minimal oil maintenance on electromechanical frames. High-force steel programs often pair hydraulic frames with wedge grips to reduce slippage. Verify force accuracy per ASTM E4 or ISO 7500-1, check alignment before critical runs, and select grips that match thickness and surface finish.
If you would like selection guidance, you can explore details on the All Tensile Testing Equipment equipment page.
How To Choose Between Electromechanical and Servo-Hydraulic UTMs for Tensile Testing
Electromechanical frames provide tight speed and strain control from about 0.00004 to 19.7 in/min (0.001 to 500 mm/min) using motor-driven screws. They suit polymers, elastomers, textiles, and thin metals where ASTM D638 or ISO 6892 limits on rate need to be held closely. Servo-hydraulic machines deliver higher forces with generous test space and are chosen for thick sections and high-strength alloys.
As a quick rule, below roughly 22 kip (100 kN) most labs pick electromechanical. From 22 to 225 kip (100 to 1000 kN), either platform can fit, so weigh rate control needs, duty cycle, and facility utilities. At 225 kip (1000 kN) and above, hydraulic frames are typically preferred.
Size the frame with headroom. If your highest break is near 60 kip (267 kN), a 100 kip (445 kN) frame avoids overload trips and leaves room for fixtures. Consider grip style, stroke, and extensometer clearance. For metals, reference ASTM E8 and ISO 6892. For alignment-sensitive programs, add an alignment fixture and verify per ASTM E1012 to reduce bending error.
If you would like to compare frames and specifications, you can review models on the Tensile Testing Equipment equipment page.
Electromechanical vs Hydraulic UTM: Which Is Right For Metals Tensile Testing?
Match the frame to the peak load and the control method you need. Electromechanical systems give tight speed or strain control for ASTM E8 work, quiet operation, and simple upkeep. They comfortably cover many metals programs up to about 135,000 lbf (600 kN), with crosshead speed ranges that typically reach 20 in/min (500 mm/min). Many accept sub load cells for plastics or elastomers on the same frame, and achieve Class 0.5 accuracy per ISO 7500-1.
Choose a hydraulic unit when specimens demand very high force, such as heavy bar, rebar, or large fasteners. Typical frames span 225,000 lbf (1000 kN) and higher, with displacement rates around 0.02 to 2.8 in/min (0.5 to 70 mm/min). Dual testing spaces and hydraulic wedge grips help maintain clamping at elevated loads, and tensile spaces near 33.5 in (850 mm) accommodate longer specimens.
Practical sizing steps: estimate the maximum break load, then select a load cell or frame at roughly 110% of that value. For example, a 40,000 lbf (178 kN) program pairs well with a 50,000 lbf (222 kN) capacity. Specify grips for thickness and surface, and verify alignment per ASTM E1012 to minimize bending for accurate modulus and yield data.
If you would like a quick comparison of frame types and capacities, you can review details on the Tensile Testing Equipment equipment page.
How Do I Choose Between Electro-Mechanical And Servo-Hydraulic UTMs For Tensile Testing?
Start with peak force and duty cycle. For work that stays below about 135,000 lbf (600 kN), electro-mechanical frames such as the TM-EML family provide precise low-speed control, quiet operation, and fine positioning for ASTM E8 or ISO 6892 tensile methods. Class 0.5 verification under ASTM E4 or ISO 7500-1 is common, and operators can hold stable rates during yield and uniform elongation segments.
If your program frequently reaches 135,000 to 450,000 lbf (600 to 2,000 kN), servo-hydraulic systems handle high force with steady control across long pulls. Hydraulic wedge grips maintain clamping on thick or surface-treated specimens, which reduces jaw slip and off-axis loading. Many frames offer two test spaces, so tensile runs occur in the upper zone while compression or bend fixtures stay set below.
Plan for infrastructure and tooling. Electro-mechanical machines typically need only electrical service. Servo-hydraulic equipment adds a power unit, fluid care, and heat management. Inventory the correct grips, extensometer range, and strain-control capability for your standard, then schedule periodic calibration to keep force and extension traceable.
If you want to compare frames by force range and control type, you can review options on the All Tensile Testing Equipment equipment page.
How Do I Choose Between Electromechanical And Servo Hydraulic UTMs For Tensile Testing?
Start by calculating peak force, cross-sectional area times expected UTS, then add a safety margin of 20 to 30% to keep the break within the load cell’s working range. For calibration and traceability, select a frame and load cell that meet ASTM E4 or ISO 7500-1 Class 1 or 0.5.
Electromechanical frames work well for static tensile work where crosshead speed and position control matter, such as ASTM E8 metals and ASTM D638 plastics. Typical speed capability reaches about 19.7 in/min (500 mm/min). The electromechanical range from TensileMill covers roughly 11,200 to 135,000 lbf (50 to 600 kN), fitting most coupon testing, sheet, bar, and medium fasteners.
Choose servo hydraulic when the calculated force approaches heavy sections, rebar, or structural fasteners. Available capacities include about 134,900 lbf (600 kN), 224,800 lbf (1000 kN), and 449,600 lbf (2000 kN). Hydraulic wedge grips and dual test spaces help keep long or thick specimens stable, and large grip windows accommodate round diameters around 0.51 to 2.36 in (13 to 60 mm) and flats up to about 1.57 in (40 mm). For high-accuracy strain work, add an extensometer matched to the gauge length and standard, such as ASTM E8 or ISO 6892.
If you would like to compare frame types and capacities, you can explore details on the Tensile Testing Equipment equipment page.
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